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Sensory Systems

Focuses on developing the ability to effectively organise sensory information to produce movement.

Tactile sensory system supporting touch, pressure and sensory processing in children

Tactile System

Understanding touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.

Tactile Discrimination
Identifying objects based on texture, size, and weight.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Heightened sensitivity to touch

  • Has difficulty identifying where they are touched

  • Craves firm or deep pressure

  • Avoids certain textures

  • Has difficulty recognising objects by touch alone

Auditory sensory system supporting hearing, listening and sound processing in children

Auditory System

Hearing, processing, and understanding sounds, recognising patterns and rhythm, and linking what is heard with what is seen.

Auditory Discrimination
Hearing differences between sounds and words.

  • Has difficulty following verbal instructions

  • Is sensitive to loud sounds

  • Speaks very loudly

  • Mishears or confuses similar-sounding words

  • Has difficulty focusing when there is background noise

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

Vestibular sensory system supporting balance, posture and movement development

Vestibular System

Helps with balance, keeping an upright posture and movement.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

Under Responsive:

  • Constantly spins, rolls, or jumps

  • Clumsy movement

  • Poor posture

  • Avoids swinging

  • Becomes dizzy or motion sick easily

Over Responsive:

  • Has difficulty following verbal instructions

  • Is sensitive to loud sounds

  • Speaks very loudly

  • Mishears or confuses similar-sounding words

  • Has difficulty focusing when there is background noise

Proprioceptive sensory system supporting body awareness, movement control and coordination

Proprioception System

Provides awareness of how the body moves in space and how much force is needed.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Throws objects too hard

  • Bumps into objects

  • Presses too hard when writing

  • Plays rough

  • Poor body awareness

Visual sensory system supporting visual perception, learning and child development

Visual System

Making sense of what the eyes see.

Visual perceptual skills include:

Visual Memory

Making sense of what the eyes see.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Has difficulty remembering shapes, letters, or sight words

  • Has difficulty recalling what was just shown

Visual memory skills supporting a child's ability to remember and recall visual information, shapes, letters and words

Visual Spatial Relations

Understanding how objects are positioned in space.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Has difficulty with spacing on a page

  • Has difficulty with puzzles or copying shapes

Visual spatial skills helping children understand position, direction, spacing and relationships between objects

Visual Figure-Ground

Finding important visual information within a busy background

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Loses place when reading

  • Has difficulty finding specific items on a page or in a picture

Visual figure-ground skills helping children identify important information within busy visual environments

Visual Sequential Memory

Remembering visual information in a specific order.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Has difficulty copying patterns

  • Struggles with spelling

Visual sequential memory skills supporting the ability to remember and recall visual information in the correct order

Visual Discrimination

Identifying similarities and differences between objects.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Confuses similar-looking letters or numbers

  • Has difficulty spotting differences in colour, size, or shape

Visual discrimination skills helping children identify similarities and differences between shapes, letters, numbers and obje

Visual Closure

Recognising objects when only part of the image is visible.

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Has difficulty identifying incomplete pictures or shapes

  • Has difficulty recognising words when letters are unclear

Visual closure skills helping children recognise objects, shapes and words when only part of the visual information is visibl

Visual Constancy

Visual constancy skills helping children recognise familiar objects, letters and shapes despite changes in size, position or

Recognising objects as the same even when they look slightly different (larger, smaller, different colour, etc.).

SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR:

  • Confuses letters or shapes when size or position changes

  • Has difficulty recognising familiar objects in new settings

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